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An increased sympathetic tone and the hormone glucagon are
2022-08-02

An increased sympathetic tone and the hormone glucagon are the main glucose mobilizing factors [28], [29]. Single-cell transcriptome analysis of human islet cells suggests the expression of Ffar1 not only in β-cells but also in α-cells [30]. Moreover, analysis of rat α-cells indicates that FFAR1 exp
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br Introduction Glucokinase GCK hexokinase IV is
2022-08-02

Introduction Glucokinase (GCK, hexokinase IV) is a monomeric enzyme that catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of glucose to glucose 6-phosphate, the first and rate-limiting step of glycolysis in the liver and pancreas [1,2]. GCK was first discovered in the early 1960's, and shortly thereafter i
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Interestingly we have shown that
2022-08-02

Interestingly, we have shown that OA required FFAR4 to induce osteoblast gene expression in MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts, but not to inhibit osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 murine macrophages. As previously suggested, FFAR1 may mediate the effects of OA in osteoclasts. However, FFAR1 has also been shown
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To identify genes with significant
2022-08-01

To identify genes with significant EPZ004777 differences, we performed differential gene expression analysis between the two individuals with TRRAP variants (combined as biological replicates) and two unaffected controls. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these genes with the GOrilla web ap
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Mathematical models play an important role in understanding
2022-07-30

Mathematical models play an important role in understanding and predicting the dynamic process of HBV infection. In the 1990s, Nowak et al. proposed a basic model to analyze the effect of antiviral treatment on reducing viral loads (Nowak et al., 1996). Since then, many different mathematical models
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It would also be interesting to understand the potential con
2022-07-30

It would also be interesting to understand the potential connection between asymmetric histone inheritance and another phenomenon reported by several investigators: selective DNA strand segregation (reviewed by Evano and Tajbakhsh, 2013, Rando, 2007, Tajbakhsh and Gonzalez, 2009). Recent development
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Glycogen synthase kinase GSK a serine threonine kinase has
2022-07-30

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), a serine/threonine kinase, has been confirmed to be involved in some biological processes in NaCl or wound-treated plants (Chen et al., 2003, Hai et al., 2001, Jonak et al., 2000). NO has been recently recognized as a vital signaling compound in plants. The NO don
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Finally we investigated increasing basicity as a way to impr
2022-07-29

Finally, we investigated increasing basicity as a way to improve solubility. We expected that conversion of the ether linkage of to an -methyl group could improve solubility. More than expected, MRT68921 demonstrated significant improvement of values of solubility for the two media, especially fo
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br RNA preparation cDNA synthesis and RT
2022-07-29

RNA preparation, cDNA synthesis and RT-PCR Trizol reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) was used to extract total RNA from tissues according to the manufacturer’s protocol and isolated RNA quantity was determined by UV spectrophotometry (Nanodrop, Thermo Scientific, USA) and RNA integrity was v
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Resolving the molecular details of
2022-07-29

Resolving the molecular details of (glyco)proteome variation in different tissues and organs of the human body is critical for the understanding of human biology and disease [59]. Glycoproteomic analysis of disease-related tissues and cells has provided valuable information to identify promising tar
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Much less is known about the
2022-07-29

Much less is known about the α3 and α4 subunits. GlyR α3 subunit immunoreactive synapses are concentrated in discrete bands across the IPL; besides, bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells have been suggested to express it (Haverkamp et al., 2003, Wässle et al., 2009). In fact, All amacrine express α3β
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Previous studies have suggested that
2022-07-29

Previous studies have suggested that GPR40 protects from bone loss via inhibition of osteoclasts. Wittrant et al. used GPR40 knock-out mice and primary osteoclasts to investigate the role of GPR40 on bone remodelling. Their results in primary osteoclast cultures and the RAW264.7 cell line showed tha
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br NLS and NES Mapping br Sequence Comparison of
2022-07-29

NLS and NES Mapping Sequence Comparison of Gli NLSs—NLSs in ZF Domains Alignment of the Gli NLSs of representative metazoan animals suggests that the amino A-71623 residues in the ZF domains are strongly conserved (Figure 4.2, Figure 4.3B). However, the length of the intervening amino acid se
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Discrepancies in the reported results and conclusions from
2022-07-29

Discrepancies in the reported results and conclusions from different groups regarding studies in ghrelin−/− and ghsr−/− mice are likely explained by the mixed background of the mutant mice used in the different studies [35]; although in the case of mice exposed to HFD, exposure to a HFD immediately
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Seizures in turn selectively modulate the
2022-07-29

Seizures, in turn, selectively modulate the corticosterone receptor of GalR in the hippocampus. Thus, pilocarpine-induced SE led to a 30% downregulation of GalR2 without affecting GalR1 (personal communication with T. Bartfai, Scripps Research Institute). Therefore, despite the fact that GalR2 could
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