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br Conclusion br Author contributions
2021-09-18

Conclusion Author contributions Ethics approval Competing interests Introduction VHL is a well-known tumor suppressor and works as a target recruitment subunit of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that recruits hydroxylated hypoxia inducible factor α (HIF-α) for proteasomal degradation u
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PCI-24781 HCV is a highly diverse virus with seven known gen
2021-09-18

HCV is a highly diverse virus with seven known genotypes (GT1–7) and multiple subtypes (Gower et al., 2014, Messina et al., 2015, Smith et al., 2014). Patients infected with HCV develop a heterogeneous population of viral species known as quasispecies due to low fidelity of the RNA-dependent RNA pol
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br Discussion The aminoglycoside antibiotic
2021-09-18

Discussion The aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin continues to be an important agent against life threatening infections. However, nephrotoxicity is a major complication of the gentamicin administration. Thus amelioration of nephrotoxicity would enhance its clinical use. Several approaches invo
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br Results and discussion GSTP is a Phase II
2021-09-18

Results and discussion GSTP1 is a Phase II cytoprotective and detoxifying enzyme. Due to its role in the detoxification of numerous endogenous and exogenous chemical agents (with electrophilic functional groups), individuals with Ile105Val mutation in this gene show enhanced risk of atopic disord
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Mice with GSTP knock out show increased risk of
2021-09-18

Mice with GSTP1 knock out show increased risk of skin cancer when exposed to carcinogens like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [23]. Most of the genetic association studies have focused on GSTP1 c.313G > A variant which results in isoleucine to valine substitution at amino pevonedistat residue numb
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GSK is a critical component of the Wnt signaling pathway
2021-09-18

GSK-3 is a critical component of the Wnt signaling pathway. The Wnt/beta-catenin signal transduction pathway is important in normal growth and development and is also frequently dysregulated in cancer and other diseases. The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is finely tuned by both positive and negative inte
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Several studies have found that GPR possesses a distinct pha
2021-09-17

Several studies have found that GPR55 possesses a distinct pharmacology from that of CB1 and CB2, and that only certain cannabinoids act at this receptor. In transfected WZ4003 expressing hGPR55, out of more than 20 synthetic and endogenous cannabinoids evaluated, only 2 compounds, SR141716A (Rimona
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br Conclusion br Conflict of
2021-09-17

Conclusion Conflict of interest statement References and recommended reading Papers of particular interest, published within the period of review, have been highlighted as Introduction Over the past decade, more than a hundred new biopharmaceutical products have been approved and market
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Although we showed that RBL
2021-09-17

Although we showed that RBL-2H3 Sc98 gallamine synthesis took up histamine from the microenvironment, it was unclear which transporter mediated its passage across the plasma membrane. Other biogenic amines have selective transporters that belong to the neurotransmitter sodium symporter family, incl
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br Recent insights into EAAT structure
2021-09-17

Recent insights into EAAT structure/function aspects The EAATs are secondary-active transporters coupling the movement of one Glu with the symport of three Na+ and one proton and the counter-transport of one K+ [3, 4]. The transporters are trimeric assemblies of protomers that function independen
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Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with an
2021-09-17

Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with an overproduction and secretion of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), due to increased liver lipid substrate availability (Adiels et al., 2005, Choi and Ginsberg, 2011), and/or reduced catabolism of TRLs and their remnants, due to reduced lipoprotein lipas
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br Conclusion br Acknowledgements br Introduction Aminobutyr
2021-09-17

Conclusion Acknowledgements Introduction γ- Aminobutyric NVP-BKM120 Hydrochloride (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult central nervous system. GABA receptors are divided into two classes, GABAA and GABAB. GABAA is an ionotropic receptor that mediates fast GABA respon
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Over the last years the signaling pathways initialized by fi
2021-09-17

Over the last years, the signaling pathways initialized by fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are found to be important for progression and development of several cancers11., 12., 13., 14.. To the best of our knowledge, currently 18 FGFs are identified in human genome, which regulated by four transmem
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br Introduction For decades regulated apoptosis
2021-09-17

Introduction For decades, regulated apoptosis and unregulated, accidental necrosis have been considered as the two sole cell death routes in multicellular organisms. With the beginning of the 21st century a paradigm shift has been witnessed by researchers in the field with the recognition that ma
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In this study we followed the fate of Ag specific
2021-09-17

In this study, we followed the fate of Ag-specific CD8+ T T16Ainh - A01 by directly visualizing them using MHC class I tetramers coupled with ovoalubumin (OVA)257–264 following EG.7 inoculation. We also examined the mechanism of apoptosis in exhausted Ag-specific CD8+ T cells during tumor immune res
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