• Theoretically the majority of resistance mechanisms identifi

  2022-03-10

  

  Theoretically, the majority of resistance mechanisms identified so far could be targeted by compounds that are already available, such as inhibitors of ER, PIK3CA/mTOR or FGFR1. However, the potential therapeutic advantage of combining these agents with standard HER2-targeting treatments must be wei

• The involvement of prostaglandins on

  2022-03-10

  

  The involvement of prostaglandins on the effects induced by 1-nitro-2-phenylethane is similarly unlikely because vasorelaxation was not changed by indomethacin [20]. The inhibition of adenylyl cyclase with MDL-12330A [21] or cAMP-dependent protein kinase A with KT-5720 [22] also did not interfere wi

• CgtA is involved in stringent response and

  2022-03-10

  

  CgtA is involved in stringent response and it interacts with SpoT to maintain optimal (p)ppGpp/ppGpp quotient in bacteria. Depletion of CgtA results in increased ppGpp levels [8]. CgtA is also important for cellular development [12] and involved in synchronization of DNA replication initiation and c

• For some agonists these stable GPR responses were resistant

  2022-03-09

  

  For some agonists, these stable GPR119 responses were resistant to washing. Thus, sustained activation could continue, for at least a number of hours, even after removal of free agonist. These data are consistent with reports for other GPCR systems that do not desensitize (Calebiro et al., 2009, Fer

• Dendritic damage and loss of synaptic connections correlate

  2022-03-09

  

  Dendritic damage and loss of synaptic connections correlate with cognitive decline in HAND patients. Synapse loss induced by HIV proteins occurs early and via a different signaling pathway from that leading to neuronal death (Kim et al., 2008), suggesting that synapse loss might be a mechanism to re

• br Methods br Acknowledgements The authors thank the ZLS

  2022-03-09

  

  Methods Acknowledgements The authors thank the ZLS group members, particularly Li Li and Elijah Roberts, for many helpful discussions. They also wish to thank Nathan Baker for APBS assistance, Jan Jensen for help with PROPKA 2.0, Susan Martinis for experimental interpretations, and John Stone

• It is widely acknowledged that a significant gap exists betw

  2022-03-09

  

  It is widely acknowledged that a significant gap exists between the increasingly detailed knowledge of subcellular mechanisms and the ability to control large-scale anatomy. Radical advances in regenerative medicine require approaches aimed at taming the fundamental complexity of cellular regulation

• br Discussion The model of a NVU described by

  2022-03-09

  

  Discussion The model of a NVU described by Mathias et al. (2018) has been implemented on the macro scale (see Kenny et al. (2018b)) via a 2D cerebral tissue slice coupled to a vascular tree. In particular, further communication within the tissue slice has been implemented via extracellular ion el

• br Summary The presented results of

  2022-03-09

  

  Summary The presented results of the analysis of the unfolding of G-quadruplex and i-motif, which may appear within the telomeric DNA region, led to several important conclusions. Namely, determination of the work necessary to unfold of these structures, in biased molecular dynamics involving ste

• Homeobox genes can promote oncogenesis through multiple mech

  2022-03-09

  

  Homeobox genes can promote oncogenesis through multiple mechanisms, including gene translocation, loss of heterozygosity, gene amplification, DNA methylation, Doxorubicin remodeling, etc. For instance, translocation-mediated fusion of HOXA9 or HOXA13 on chromosome 7p15 with the nucleoporin gene NUP

• Activation of FXR or TGR inhibits inflammatory

  2022-03-09

  

  Activation of FXR or TGR5 inhibits inflammatory response via repressing NF-κB activity [1]. FXR is not expressed or expressed at a very low level in macrophages [45] (data not shown), but highly expressed in hepatocytes. In contrast, TGR5 is expressed in macrophages but not in hepatocytes. Our data

• Compound C A common feature of ferroptosis is

  2022-03-09

  

  A common feature of ferroptosis is the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid-ROS and the subsequent depletion of polyunsaturated fatty Compound C phospholipids (PUFA-PLs) [118]. The PUFA chains of membrane lipids are more susceptible to both enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation, which results in PU

• Sumoylation of transcription factors has been generally link

  2022-03-09

  

  Sumoylation of transcription factors has been generally linked to transcriptional repression and, in a few cases, to transcriptional activation [60] Accumulating evidence implies that corepressor complex subunits, including CoREST, CtBP, Daxx, NCoR1, SMRT and histone deacetylase complexes (HDACs), p

• Introduction Thrombotic disorders including ischemic heart d

  2022-03-09

  

  Introduction Thrombotic disorders including ischemic heart disease, deep venous thrombosis, and ischemic stroke represent one of the most common causes of death in the world [1]. All these conditions relate to states accompanied by a shift of hemostasis balance into a coagulation side because of va

• FXa is a vitamin K dependent

  2022-03-09

  

  FXa is a vitamin K-dependent serine protease consisting of two chains linked by a disulfide bridge. The heavy chain contains 303 FK-228 and the light chain has 139 amino acids. The catalytic triad comprised of Ser195, His57, and Asp102  exhibits the trypsin-like β-barrel structure [12]. The active

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